Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of the Remediation Activity of Cissus quadrangularis Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle-Activated Carbon Composite on Dieldrin in Aqueous Solution

In this study, zinc oxide-activated carbon nanocomposite was used as the adsorbent for remediation of dieldrin in aqueous media. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNPs) were synthesized from Cissus quadrangularis (C. quadrangularis) leaf extract, and activated derived maize cobs. Nanocomposites formulated by mixing ZNPs with a ratio 1 : 50. The UV-Vis spectra showed complete reduction Zn2+ to Zn0 plasmon resonance bands range 361–376 nm, which is characteristic ZNPs. SEM images hexagonal-shaped particles 15–20 face-centered cubic crystals, demonstrated XRD analysis. FTIR results absorption ranges 3500–3100 cm−1 (N-H stretch), 3400–2400 (O-H 988–830 (C-H bend), 1612 (C=C 400–600 (Zn-O 1271 (C-O bend). Batch adsorption experiments performed using 20 ml solution at varying pH values (1–14), concentrations (5–100 ppm), temperatures (293–323 K), dosages (0.01–0.12 g), contact times (30–180 minutes) determine optimum conditions. calculated thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔS°, ΔG°) indicated that spontaneous exothermic nature, implying decreasing randomness molecules solid-liquid interface. isotherm kinetics composite process followed Langmuir pseudo-second-order kinetics. Adsorption capacities nanoparticles, carbon, reaction time 120 minutes 7 3.72 ± 0.068 mg/g, 3.92 0.061 4.0 0.102 respectively, corresponding percentage removals 93.12 0.044, 98.04 99.76 0.332. Thus, exhibited better sorbing potential than carbon. This study recommends testing on other persistent organic pollutants.